Abdominal X-ray

An abdominal X-ray shows the bowel, stomach, and sometimes kidney stones in the urinary tract. It is often used for sudden abdominal pain.

What can be seen

An abdominal X-ray (often called a KUB or plain abdominal film) can show gas and fluid patterns in the bowel, as well as some calcium-containing urinary stones. Doctors can also check organ position and the pelvic bones.

Solid organs such as the liver and kidneys are often hard to assess clearly without contrast. For this reason the exam is usually a first step rather than a final one.

When it is commonly requested

An abdominal X-ray is often requested for abdominal pain suspected to be caused by a bowel obstruction, perforation (a hole in the bowel), or abnormal gas buildup. In children it is also used when swallowing of a foreign object is suspected.

Doctors may also order it to check the position of a tube or medical device placed inside the body.

Preparation and limitations

Special fasting is usually not required. Patients may be asked to remove metal objects in the abdomen and pelvis area. Blurred images often occur when the patient moves or when there is a lot of gas in the bowel.

If symptoms continue or results are unclear, a CT abdomen is usually more informative. Discuss the options with the doctor who ordered the test.

Key points

• Often used for abdominal pain or suspected bowel obstruction.
• Not all abdominal organs are clearly visible without contrast.

Educational information, not a substitute for medical advice.